SILEX-1装置上等离子体尾场加速电子初步实验

激光等离子体加速电子机制可以产生准单能的高能电子束, 近年来成为国际上的研究热点. 中国工程物理研究院激光装置已经能够达到286TW的输出功率, 为国内在该领域的研究提供了实验条件. 文章介绍了在SILEX-1装置上开展的激光等离子体加速电子的初步实验, 并对测得结果进行讨论, 为下一步实验的进行提供了准备条件.     

相互作用对玻色气体热力学性质及稳定性的影响

根据由赝势法得到的非理想玻色气体的自由能和状态方程，研究了相互作用对凝聚温度的影响.从热力学角度揭示了存在引力作用时定压热容量、等温压缩系数、定压膨胀系数的反常热力学特性.研究了引力作用下玻色气体系统的不稳定性，给出了不稳定性的温度判据和粒子数密度判据. 关键词： 相互作用 玻色气体 热力学性质 不稳定性判据     

氧化铁浆液脱硫的实验研究与理论分析

本文实验研究了氧化铁浆液在酸性环境下脱除烟气中的二氧化硫气体。实验在一自制的脱硫塔中进行。通过燃烧液化石油气来产生烟气,将氧化铁的超细粉加入水中作为脱硫介质。实验中研究了二氧化硫初始浓度、水气比对脱硫效率的影响。从实验结果可以看出,脱硫率随着水气比的增加而增大;随二氧化硫的初始浓度的增加,其脱硫率呈降低趋势。在文中同时分析了氧化铁浆液的脱硫机理和此方法脱硫的优点以及目前存在的问题。     

理想气体吸热和放热的讨论

根据热力学第一定律和理想气体状态方程推导了理想气体的热容量公式,并对理想气体在p-V图上的直线过程和循环过程的温度变化及吸热和放热进行了讨论.     

气体放电等离子体特性测量I-V曲线不对称性的研究

利用气体放电双探针法研究了等离子体的I-V曲线中的电流I相对于电压V轴交点的不对称性,并提出2种可能的解释:一认为是由于两探针表面积不同引起的;二认为是由于探针所在处等离子体电位不等引起的.本文利用仪器的工艺误差和调换放电管电压的方法,对提出的2种可能原因分别进行验证,并指出第二种解释的合理性,并对其进行了理论分析.     

光缔合产生超冷分子及其光谱测量

超冷分子的产生对于量子信息、分子物理和分子化学具有重要的意义。本文通过介绍超冷分子的研究进展,主要分析了光缔合产生超冷分子的特点与物理机制,详细介绍了光缔合产生冷分子过程中的光谱测量方法。     

Time-resolved fluorescence spectra of a bichromophoric molecule, 2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline in various media

Time-resolved fluorescence spectra of a title molecule (with benzene and aliphatic amine parts) in various media, after excitation by several lasers were observed to complement the previous work by conventional spectroscopy [N. Kanamaru, J. Tanaka, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 6441]. Though complex with many new features, the results were roughly consistent with the previous ones. The significant conclusions are as follows: (1) The emission to be ascribed to the amine (N) part, with more than one component (of nN and aN types) is observed not only for the acetonitrile solution (as previously reported) but also for all the other media. (2) Contrary to the case of a nonpolar hexane solution, both of N fluorescences in the other media reveal unusually long-lived decay components. This can be interpreted by assuming the so-called charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) state that is nonfluorescent and lies just below the fluorescent state. (3) This observation in the protic media can also be taken as another evidence of the peculiar hydrogen bonding between this amine and the protic solvent molecules [N. Kanamaru, J. Tanaka, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 6441]. (4) Thus, the unexpectedly large quantum yields of N fluorescences in the polar media are now interpreted as arising due to the slow S₁^N→(CTTS)→S₀ internal conversions.     

聚酰胺酸合成工艺研究

 采用超声波在线测量溶液粘度的方法，研究了合成聚酰胺酸过程中实验条件的影响，并对实验结果进行分析，由此确定了合成高分子量聚酰胺酸的最佳实验条件。研究表明：在加料次序为先加二胺后加二酐（二酐与二胺的摩尔比为1.01～1.02：1）、试剂中含水量尽可能少，反应温度0～5℃、反应时间以溶液粘度到达最大值为止的条件下，所合成的聚酰胺酸溶液粘度最大，可满足惯性约束聚变（ICF）充气腔靶端口膜的需要。     

Atomistic packing models for experimentally investigated swelling states induced by CO2 in glassy polysulfone and poly(ether sulfone)

Atomistic packing models have been created, which help to better understand the experimentally observed swelling behavior of glassy polysulfone and poly (ether sulfone), under CO₂ gas pressures up to 50 bar at 308 K. The experimental characterization includes the measurement of the time‐dependent volume dilation of the polymer samples after a pressure step and the determination of the corresponding gas concentrations by gravimetric gas‐sorption measurements. The models obtained by force‐field‐based molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics methods allow a detailed atomistic analysis of representative swelling states of polymer/gas systems, with respect to the dilation of the matrix. Also, changes of free volume distribution and backbone mobility are accessible. The behavior of gas molecules in unswollen and swollen polymer matrices is characterized in terms of sorption, diffusion, and plasticization. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 1874–1897, 2006